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◆送给老师、长辈最贴心的礼物 ◆30位专家让你说一口流利英语,100%保证!
◆送给老师、长辈最贴心的礼物 ◆30位专家让你说一口流利英语,100%保证!
lesson 37 Olympic adj. 奥林匹克的 hold v 召开 government n 政府 immense adj 巨大的 stadium n 露天体育场 standard n 标准 capital n 首都 fantastic adj 巨大的 design v 设计 Olympic games 奥林匹克运动会 hold held held have a meeting召开会议 hold a meeting召开会议 hold a party 召开宴会 hold习惯用被动，被动：the meeting will be held the Olympic games will be held in China in 2008 big，large大的 huge 巨大的 great 大的，伟大的 immense 极大的，无边的 the universe is immense immense ocean fantastic （建筑等）表惊叹 great man 伟人big man 大人物large man大块头 huge（体积）巨大，庞大 playground操场 sports field运动场，sports 各种各样的运动 gymnasium体育 gym：体育馆 high standard高标准 Olympic standard意为体育最高标准 capital 大写的 designer 设计师 well－designed设计不错 text The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. As a great many people will be visiting the country,the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a fine new swimming pool. 'They will also be building new roads and a special railway-line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic City'. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The fine modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country. 4 years later 四年后 the olympic games will be held in our country。。。 as/because引导原因 a large number of people/a great many people大部分的人 be visiting the country be building 建设 an immense stadium一个大型体育场 a new Olympic-standard swimming pool一个高标准的游泳池 be building 修建 special railway-line专线铁路 outside the capital 市郊 Olympic city 奥林匹克城 by the end of this year到今年年底前 by 完成时的标志，表示到......为止 现在完成式：到现在某一点时间为止 过去完成式：到过去某一点时间为止 现在完成式：到现在某一点时间为止，某个动作已经发生 will have done by the end of next year到明年年底前 by the end of next year，they will have finished/completed the work on the new stadium. work on... ......的工程 modern buildings 现代化建筑 fantastic 巨大的 ...have been designed by... Everybody will be watching anxiously。。。人们都将密切注视 as the new building go up as随着，引导从句，状语从句不用将来时态 be built强调建造 go up 拔地而起 be excited激动的 look forward to＋n./doing期待（很高兴的） look forward to your letter because they never been held before in this country before 在此之前 将来完成时 will have done（till，until） multiple choice because ：强调后面的是原因 because of ：（介词短语） why－－不能直接做连词 due to：（介词短语）由于 His success is due to his hard work look forward to ：期待（高兴） expect：期待 be pleased：感到高兴地，令人满意地 be pleased to do sth：乐于做某事 完成地概念 be complete complete：（adj）完全的（v)完成 are now completed are complete special difficulties a hold（会议，宴会） b look look forward to＋名词/动词的-ing look out：当心（正发生的）（be careful 事情发生之前） look up：查阅 ，拜访 look up words in the dictionary查字典 look up sth in the book查参考书，look up message in the book look sb up knock over：撞到 'Who’s Who'：<<名人大全>> debate on：辩论 口语过程三步：1、dialogue 2、discussion 3、debate capital：首都，大写 capital punishment：极型 look（sb） up：拜访，看 hold an exam：举行考试 take the exam：接受考试 lesson 38 except prep 除了 Mediterranean n (the ~)地中海 complain v 抱怨 continually adv 不断地 bitterly adv 刺骨地 sunshine n 阳光 except /except for /besides /apart from complain to sb：向某人抱怨 complain of/about：抱怨某事 continuously：连续不断地 continually：连续地，频繁地（时断时续） the baby cry continually bitterly cold：刺骨地寒冷 chilly：寒冷的 bitterly disappointed：彻底的失望 a drop of：一缕 a drop of sunshine一缕阳光 text My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before. he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. He acted as if he had never lived in England before. In the end, it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harrison had thought of everything except the weather. dream of：想，梦见（梦想） think of：想（思维的活动） settle down：定居 no sooner...than：（关联词）一...就... 同义as soon as,the moment,on doing had no sooner done...than一般过去时，固定用法 he had no sooner arrived than he called me up。 no sooner放在句首就要倒装 no sooner had he arrived than he called me up（倒装） almost immediately：马上（时间上，用于写作） for：（连词）表示因为（解释说明，附加的）＝because因为（一定要说的） even though--从句的连词，"即使"（让步状语从句） even though i came here，my mind was absent尽管我人来了，但我还是心不在焉 for＋并列句，做主句 so many years：这么多年 after ＋ ... after seven years of hard work，he was successful after ten years of staying in abroad，he decided to return and settle down got a shock：吓了一跳，吃了一惊 as if＋句子：似乎，好像 过去完成时，虚拟语气 he acted as if he was poor even though--even if as if-- as though in the end，it was more than he could bear他再也不能忍受 i can't affard it ＝ it was more than i can affard hardly...when...:还没来得及...就...；用法同no sooner ... than hardly had sb done have time to do sth：有时间做某事 i have no time to talk with you。 i have time enough to have coffee knock out：打晕，击倒 he had hardly opened his eyes when he was knocked out the dream ended except：除...外 key structures 过去完成时 no sooner...than... hardly...when... special difficulties: a.no sooner...than... hardly...when... b.country(国家，乡间) countryside（农村）景色 seaside in the country：在乡下住 multiple choice 5. not any more 不再 not any longer not any further not more ＝ less比...少 not longer不是更长 4. as if ＝ as though act as if/though习惯用法 as if 是宾语从句 as 后面可以加句子，like 后面加词 even if即使 11. do as id did 按我所做的做 seem as if看起来象什么 act as if look as if看起来象什么 conduct可以做动词，表示行为，＝behave 不及物动词，如果作及物动词，加oneself 他表现的很好，he conducted himself well he behaved as well in a bad state 状态不太好 though 虽然，even though 即使＝even if 这些词出现在两句之间，就不再加but worn out 破旧不堪的 engine发动机 gearbox变速箱 sawdust木头屑子 not only出现在句首要倒装 the engine was not only worn out but the gearbox was full of sawdust lesson 39 operation n 手术 exchange n （电话的）交换局 successful adj 成功的 inquire v 询问，打听 following adj 下一个 certain adj 某个 patient n 病人 called n 打电话的人 alone adj 独自的 relative n 亲戚 第二天the next day，the following day 第二个星期the next week，the following week alone 强调人孤单一个 home alone独自在家 leave me alone我烦着呢，别理我 inquire sth of sb 从某人那打听 insquire about sth some＋可数名词单数时表示某个 certain 后面的东西不能定 a certain boy two certain boys certain根据它前面的数量来定 某一个a certain＋n 某两个two certain ＋n（复数） for some reason由于某个理由 text While John Gilbert was in hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so. The following day, the patient asked for a bedside tele-phone. When he was alone, he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doc-tor Millington. When the doctor answered the phone, Mr Gilbert said he was in-quiring about a certain patient, a Mr John Gilbert. He asked if Mr Gilbert's operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. He then asked when Mr Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for an- other two weeks. Then Dr Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patient.' No,' the patient answered,' I am Mr John Gilbert.' key structures 如果直接引语是问句，变为间接引语时，主句不说e said，而用he asked told可以跟问句连，还可以跟陈述句连 祈使句：唯一不以从句方式表达的 tell sb to do sth ask sb to do sth 以that引导的是陈述句 has my operation been successful？ 1、certain 前加数字表某几个 2、following取代next 3、alone表示单独的，客观事实上的 a＋人名前面，表示某一个拥有这个特征的人 multiple choice questions 7、a、has done 已经做的 b、must do必须做的 c、must be doing must 后面＋原形，＋be doing，＋have done属于推测句型的三种结构 must＋v（原形）：1、＝have to 不得不 2、很可能，对现在或者将来的推测 must be doing对说话的当时的正在进行的行为的推测 must have done对过去的事情的推测 must have been doing对过去的正在进行的动作的推测 11、on one's own ＝ alone of one's own 某人自己的 12、knowledge学问 information信息，不可数名词 message可数名词 3、take sb to hospital送某人去医院 5、for what 因为...在疑问句中＝why ask for 要求得到 lesson 40 hostess n. 女主人 unsmiling adj. 不笑的，严肃的 tight adj. 紧身的 fix v. 凝视 globe n. 地球 despair n. 绝望 actor 男演员 actress 女演员 host 男主人 host（v.）作为主人，主办 the shoes are shall/tight（夹角） tight jeans紧身牛仔裤 fix（没有凝视的概念） fix one's eyes on sth盯着...，目不转睛 习惯用被动，表达为 one's eyes be fixed on sth all the eyes were fixed on the blackboard globe球状物，如地球仪 global：全球的 disappoint失望 in despair绝望的 sb./sth. is a despair of... the boy is a despair of his parents那男孩的父母对他感到绝望了 the examination was a despair of me我对考试已经绝望了 text Food and talk Last week at a dinner-party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs Rumbold. Mrs Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her.Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make conversation. ' A new play is coming to" The Globe" soon,' I said. 'Will you be seeing it ?' ' No,' she answered.'Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year ?' I asked. ' No,' she answered.' Will you be staying in England?' I asked. ' No,' she answered.In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner. ' Young man,' she answered,' if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner !' ask sb to do sth祈使句 next to：与......相邻sit next to me 座我旁边 the film will be on那部电影即将要上映 用虚拟语气： 1、与现在事实相反，从句使用一般过去时，主句使用would＋动词原形 if you ate more and talked less，we would both enjoy our dinner if it rained，it would not be hot如果下雨，就不会这么热 if you help me，i will be grateful如果你帮我，我会感激你 if you helped me，i would be grateful如果你帮了我，我会感激你 key structures special difficulties make progress取得进步 do business做生意 do one's best make the bed 铺床 do some shopping make a speech make ... mistake make up one's mind do one's homework do ... a favour do ... job do ... work do exercise make ... promise make conversation composition 1、she not only resused to answer question but she did not ask any question either but...as well 可以加肯定也可以加否定 but...either只能加否定 multiple choices 5、sit down seat一定要加宾语，如果后面没宾语，后面就用seat的被动语态 seat yourself be seated sit 是主动，没有被动语态，后面不能加宾语 9、 glance at：扫了一眼 stare at：盯着看 stuck to：粘在...上面 look at，see，watch （看活动的）， notice：强调的是眼睛的注意，看一些别人不太注意的事情 fix one's eyes on＝stare at i glanced at it but i didn't pick it up glimpse of have a glimpse of：瞥了一眼 sight catch sight of看见 i can catch sight of the birds be in sight read：阅读（看） read loudly，read aloud大声朗读，汉语中的读 从头来看－look at go through：浏览 12、enjoy sth：表示在后者当中得到了一种享受 sth amuse/entertain sb enjoy 主语是人 enjoy oneself amuse,entertain后面会加人 lesson 41 rude adj. 无礼的 mirror n 镜子 hole n 孔 remark v 评说 remind v 提醒 lighthouse n 灯塔 look up sth in the dictionary查字典 look at oneself in the mirror照镜子 his novel is a mirror of his time他的小说就是他那个时代的真实写照 mirrot ...的写照,...的真实反映 polite 以p开头的形容词的否定前缀im impolite不礼貌的，表示没有注意到礼节性的问题 rude：强调故意的 cheeky无礼，没礼貌的，表示小孩对长辈 naive天真的 hole in remind sb of sth remind sb to do sth reminder text 'Do you call that a hat ?' I said to my wife. 'You needn't be so rude about it,' my wife answered as she looked at herself in the mirror.I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it and waited. We had been in the hat shop for half an hour and my wife was still in front of the mirror. ' We mustn't buy things we don't need,' I remarked suddenly. I regretted saying it almost at once. 'You needn't have said that,' my wife answered. ' I need not remind you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday.' ' I find it beautiful,' I said. 'A man can never have too many ties.' 'And a woman can't have too many hats,' she answered. Ten minutes later we walked out of the shop together. My wife was wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse ! need call sb sth call that be rude be rude about sth be rude to sb don't be rude to me别对我这么粗鲁 needn't：不必on the chair he has been there bookstore书店 drugstore药店 must表示必须 mustn't不能、不准 need的否定形式：needn't don't need regretted doing sth后悔已经做 needn't have done原本不必做，但是做了，强调过去的动作不必做 you needn't have bought it你原本不必买的 remind sb of sth needn't do：现在的动作也不必做 never＝not too无论...也不为过 A man can never have too many ties.再多的领带对一个男人来说也不为过 i can never thank you too much：感激不尽 drinking water can never be too clean饮用水越干净越好 a wife can never complain too much妻子怎么罗嗦也不为过 need：需要 needn't：非实义动词，情态动词，无时态变化，也没有人称 don't need：实义动词有任意一种时态，有人称变化 need i...？（情态）do i need...？实义动词 情态动词后面一定要加动词原形 在实义动词后面再加一个实义动词，就在后面加to do need i go out？do i need to go out？ 情态动词后面不能直接用名词做宾语 实义动词后面可以直接加名词 we don't need things（名词）... you don't need to be needn't have done：过去不必做，但是做了 mustn't 不准 can't ：不可能 you don't...：事实 key structures must可能等于have to 表示必须，不等于have to时表示推测 1、对现在和将来加原形 2、对正在be doing 3、对过去have done 4、对过去正在have been doing be bad for对什么有害 smoking is bad for your health抽烟有害你的健康 observe：仔细地看 multiple choices 3...... do you have to...?yes，i do/no，i don't have to 必须 do you have to...?no,i don't have to do sth mustn't不准 don't have to 不必 must＝have to必须 英文中要么助动词之后所有地东西都省略，要么省到不定式标志 would you like to do sth？yes，i'd like to no，i don't/no，i don't need to do you want to go to school？yes，i do/yes，i want to would you like to see the menu？yes，i'd like to（后结动词 would you like some bananas？yes，i’d like（后结名词） do you need the hat？no，i needn't 7...... can never：不可能＝can't unable：不可能，be able（unable） to impossible improbable，：不太可能probably很有可能 incapable：没有能力，be capable of 8...... reflect:发射，reflection：反射地东西 idol：偶像 imagination：想象 picture：照片，图象 11...... wear/dress/put on/have on穿 wear（状态） dress，dress sb：给某人穿衣服，强调动作 put on（动作） have sth on（状态） in a green coat she is in a green coat be in＋衣服（状态） 12...... match：与...相配 lien：与...做比较，compare，liken sth to another thing we liken the hat to a lighthouse resemble：像 vt a resemble b appear：显得，similar：与...相似，be similar to remark/notice notice：看 remark：说 make rude remark(粗话） call one's name： 骂人 say F（fuck） words fail to do：没有能够，表示强烈地肯定，not fail to you can not fail to notict it lesson 42 musical adj 精通音乐的 market n 市场，集市 snake character 玩蛇者（通常借音乐控制) pipe n （吹奏的）管乐器 tune n 曲调 glimpse n 一瞥 snake n 蛇 movement n 动作 continue v 继续 dance v 跳舞 obviously adv 显然 difference n 差别 Indian adj 印度的 have a glimpse of：瞥了一眼,引入眼帘（无意识，非主动看，东西进入视线） glance at：扫了一眼（有意识） action ：采取行动，行动 move：移动 begin/start/continue to do begin/start/continue doing i continue to go/going on continue ＋ sth let's continue our trip let's continue out journey dance to the music随着音乐跳舞 tell the difference between a and b说出两者之间的差异 can you tell the difference between them？ be different from a is different from b differ v. pipe:两头通的东西 obviously＝clearly obviously you are wrong obviously i love you text As we had had a long walk through one of the markets of Old Delhi, we stopped at a square to have a rest. After a time,we noticed a snake-charmer with two large baskets at the other side of the square, so we went to have a look at him. As soon as he saw us, he picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins and opened one of the baskets. When he be-gan to play a tune, we had our first glimpse of the snake. It rose out of the basket and began to follow the move- ments of the pipe.We were very much surprised when the snake charmer sud- denly began to play jazz tunes and popu-lar modern songs. The snake, however, continued to 'dance' slowly. It obviously could not tell the difference between Indian music and jazz! have a walk/rest/lock have a ＋名词，这个名词可以与动词同行的 have a swim/bath have a bath＝bathe，have a swim＝swim have a walk ＝ walk have a look ＝ look have a rest ＝ rest have a +名词＝动词 一个动词的后面加介词（如果这个动词是不及物动词），这个动词后面加什么样的介词， 名词也可以加什么样的介词 look at－》have a look at；walk across－》have a walk across succeed in doing sth－》be successful in－》succeed in to 放在一个句子的后面起目的作用 at the other side of be vovered with：盖满 play a tune（可数名词） tune，可数名词；music，不可数名词 have a（first） glimpse of at the first sight i love you at the first sight of you rise：升，vi raise：提高，vt follow the movements of the pipe obviously更习惯放句首 pick：采摘，pick apples pick up拣起 pick sb up：接某人（顺路），meet sb＋地点，专程接 pick up a lot of english＝learn a lot of english pick out：挑出来 pick up the radio program（the program on the radio）在广播上收听节目 exercise 2...——————。 by doing...通过做某事，通过某种方式 by train 乘火车 by the river沿着河边 be the end of...到......时候为止 i show him my respect by sending him flowers 3...________... so as to...为了，表示目的 to不定式做状语表目的 in order 在秩序中，有秩序的，有次序的，整洁的，整齐的 keep your room in order in order to＋v为了 in order that＋从句：为了 7...it_______ might not可能不 may not可能不 must not不准 be not able to不可能 语法精髓：Nouns 1、julie went to the_____ to buy a pair of shoes a）shoes store b）shoe's store c）shoe store d）shoe's store answer： c 表示类别的商店，用单数名词修饰 2、as a safety precaution，all city cab drivers carry only enough money to make change for a_____bill。 a）ten－dollar b）ten－dollars c）tens－dollar d）ten－dollar's answer：a cab drivers＝taxi drivers bill纸币 有连字符连接的单词没有复数，连字符单词做定语 3、recently，he has lost all his_____at cards。 a）wage and saving b）wages and saving c）wage and savings d）wages and savings wage薪水和saving积蓄，两种不同概念 answer：d 4、i want______. a）a dollar worth candy b）candy a dollar's worth c）a dollar's worth of candy d）a dollar worth's candy a dollar's worth of n answer：c 5、the surroundings a child grows up in usually___an effect on his development a）have b）had c）do d）had have an effect on对......有效果 grow up 成长 in 连接作用 the surroundings做主语 a child grows up定语从句 answer：a lesson 43 pole n （地球的）极 flight n 飞行 explorer n 探险家 lie v 处于 serious adj 严重的 point n 地点 seem v 似乎，好像，看起来 crash v 坠毁 sack n 袋子 clear v 越过 aircraft n 飞机 endless adj 无尽的 plain n 平原 South Pole 南极 North Pole 北极 Pole Star 北极星 explore v 探险 exploration n （科研相关）探索，探求，开发 adventure n 冒险（追求刺激） venture n 冒险（为了财富，没有生命保障） tell a lie 撒谎 lie n 谎言；lie v 撒谎 Eg. you lied。you liar！ lie，lied，lied撒谎 lie，lay，lain 处于，位于 stay in bed/lie in bed趟在床上 lie现在分词－－》lying lay v 放，放置：lay an eff 下一个蛋 lay vt. lay sth ，lay，laid，laid hang，hung，hung挂，悬挂 hang，hanged，hanged绞刑 you lied！ you lied to me lie in bed point点，一般指从飞机上向下看的点 地点place，spot dot 点 @-->at seem ＋ as if seem ＋ adv seem to be seem that Eg.：he seems rich。 he seems to be rich it seems that he is rich it seems that 看起来似乎 seem as if看起来似乎 Eg.:he seems as if he had never lived in England before crash（从上向下掉） aircrash空难 strike 撞击 clash撞击，冲突 over 越过（距离） clear （凌空）越过 go over飞跃 clear the mountain飞跃山峰 the horse cleared the fense mountains 高山 plain girl 平凡的女孩 i'm a plain girl text In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the moun- tains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty. exercises： can－－可能性 be able to－－可能性，强调成功地做 4...... could与过去时态有关，强调可能性 be able to强调成功地做 用过去式表达，表示在过去发生 过去完成时，强调在过去地过去 5...d... could rise －－有可能，不知道结果 might rise －－ 可能 might succeed in rising－－可能成功地做 rose－－没有情态动词，表示已经成为事实 6...d... be able to was/were able to－－表示这个动作在过去成功地做 will be able to--将来可能会成＝can lesson 44 forest n 森林 risk n 危险，冒险 picnic n 野餐 edge n 边缘 strap n 带，皮带 possession n 所有 breath n 呼吸 contents n （常用复数）内有地物品 mend v 修理 out of breath 上气不接下气 waste one's breath 白费口舌 in one breath：片刻 hold one's breath：屏住呼吸 bad breath：口臭 content：内容（抽象） text Mrs Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic at the edge of a forest with her children and tried to steal her handbag. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees. Mrs Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run. When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away. 'The strap needs mending,' said Mrs Sterling later, 'but they did not steal anything.' Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk... take a risk：冒...风险 run after：追赶，追随，追求， run behind：在某人后面跑 run to：跑向 rush up to： up：向上；面对面 （down：方向相同） in one's possession：为某人所拥有 so...that：如此...以至于 continued to do：接着做 catch up with：追上，赶上（强调结果） contents of the bag：包里的东西 go through：浏览，翻看 run（straight）at need doing：需要做，需要被做（被动含义） needn't可以回答must开头的疑问句，只能用在肯定句中，可以直接加动词－ing want doing：主动，表示被动含义 它们的主语一定是物 need to be done主语是人，也可以是物 1、never/not think of the risk she was taking 2、with sth in one's possession 3、need doing letter writing： Esq. Esquire写信时对男性的敬称（放在人名的后面） Mr.and Mrs.（已婚） 先写人名，再写地址 key structures a.动词-ing做介词宾语，或做主语 b.to 做介词＋动词-ing look forward to，be used to，be accustomed to（习惯于）， devote oneself to全身心投入， object to反对 my mother devote herself to doing the housework i object to eating out c.begin，start，continue＋to do/doing（没有区别） d.hate，love，like＋doing--表示一种习惯 hate，love，like＋to do--表示一次性的行为 i like drinking tea我喜欢喝茶 i like to drink coffee我喜欢喝咖啡（现在） would love/like to do：表示想要 i hate to disturb you，but can i come in for a moment please？ 我不愿意打扰你，但我可以进来一会儿吗？ i hate disturbing people when they are busy 人们忙的时候，我不愿意打扰 i hate to （say)... i hate to say i have no money，but i really need them i hate to say，but i really have something important to do e.need， want 如果以物体为主语，可以直接加动词-ing，表达被动含义 i hate to leave so early，but i'm afraid i have to（很好的告别用语） mutiple choice 4. that's后一般加特殊疑问词引导的从句 或that's all 加从句 for 加句子的时候，放在主句之后 biaoshi由于某个理由，我们不说for this，而说for this reason 5.frightful ＝ terrible frightened感到害怕的 10. steal后面加物，rob的后面加人 steal sth from sb rob sb of sth 8. what she did她做的事 what i said is true我所说的话是真的 that is what i heard那就是我所听到的事情 what＝the thing that the thing is that my brother will come/arrive the thing surprised me the thing that/whick surprised me is that my brother will come what surprised me is that my brother will come lesson 45 clear adj 无罪的，不亏心的 conscience n 良心，道德心 wallet n 皮夹，钱夹 savings n 存款 villager n 村民 percent 百分之... clear conscience 问心无愧 guilty conscience 问心有愧 i have a clear conscience 我问心无愧 i have a guilty conscience我问心有愧 bad conscience问心有愧 purse 钱包（女士用） handbag手袋 billfold钱包（美语） savings account存款帐号 checking account存款（没有利息） deposit定金 deposit account存款（有利息） ATM 自动取款机 auto teller machine self-service machine自助银行 cash card取款卡 three percent百分之三 text The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post-office. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him. Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, to-gether with a note which said: 'A thief, yes, 'but only 5o per cent a thief!' Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note:'Only 25 percent a thief now!' In time, all Sam's money was paid back in this way. The last note said:' I am 100 per cent honest now!' learn得知 the whole world learn...全世界都知道 while doing是一个省略形式 这种情况应具备两个条件 1、这个动作的主语跟主句的主语一样 2、这句话一定要是进行时态 这句话完整的应为 while he was taking... must have been done must have done 表示对过去的推测 must have been done 是表示对过去被动的推测 三种表示一段时间以后，另外一件事情发生的方式 1、...passed and then 2、some time later 3、some passed before wrap up 包裹 it had been wrapped up in newspaper by somebody half the money钱的一半 half an hour半个小时 half a year半年 together with＝with介词短语作状语，表示随他一起的还有 i with my son went there我带着我的儿子去了那 my som and i went there。 the picture said...图片上说 Newspaper said...报纸上说 Note said...纸条上说 some more money又有一些钱 in time＝in the end 最终 pay back还回来 ...per cent作副词 structure no。3 while doing两者同时发生 while sb was doing当......的时候 能用while；as的地方就可以用when，反之则不一定 A when 后的时间表达式既可以是点，也可以是段 while后的时间表达只可以是段 as 等同于while no.7 send ＝ take/give send/take/give sb sth 双宾语一般用离动词最近的宾语来做被动态的主语 sb be sent sth send sth to sb sth be sent to sb no.6 对名词的提问用what no.10 contain/container include指一种抽象的包含 no.12 a time一段时间 for a long time after a time＝after some time lesson 46 unload v 卸（货） wooden adj 木制的 extremely adv 非常，极其 occur v 发生 astonish v 使惊讶 pile n 堆 woollen n 羊毛的 goods n （常用复数）货物，商品 discover v 发现 admit v 承认 confine v 关在（一个狭小的空间里） normal adj 正常的，通常的 load 装货 extremely beautiful表示漂亮到极点 i am tired。 i am extremely tired happen vi what happened/occured？ it happened to me......发生在我身上 what happened to the clavichord it occured to me......我想起了一件事 it occured to sb that...... it occured to me that i didn't finish my homework我想起来了，我的作业还没做 i have a good idea/a good idea occured to me我想起一个好主意 it suddenly occured to one of the workers to open up the box。 sth occur to sb 如果一个动词跟人的情绪有关，则它的宾语是人 其形容词有两个：令人--ing；感到--ed astonishing/astonished surprise/shock/astonish surprise 最常用，但意思肤浅 shock 不快的事情 astonish 难以置信的事 i am surprised i am astonished astound非常吃惊 deny拒绝 deny sth/deny doing admit sth/admit doing sth i admit having lunch sb was confined to confine to 固定用法 text When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.He was astonished at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of woollen goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over ten hours. The man was ordered to pay &345 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is &230 ! occur to sb it occur to sb to do sth/that...... clothing/clothes clothing在分类时强调衣服这一种类 clothes表示“衣服”的单数名词的复数形式 no one could.....没人能 no one knows.....没人知道 account fo：explain解释（令人满意的） give the explanation 一个句子跟在一个名词后，可以是： 1、定语从句 2、同位语从句 my friend Lucy i know the fact that he doesn't know i do know the fact that he doesn't know 1、同位语从句后的that是起解释说明的作用 而定语从句是起修饰的作用 2、that在从句中做主语或宾语成分，则是定语从句 that在从句中不能做主语或宾语成分，则是同位语从句 be astonished at对某件事吃惊 be surprised at对某件事吃惊 what＝the thing that on top of在......上面 a pile of一堆 piles of snow at the top of/on top of on top of 与顶端有接触 at the top of在.....上方（at the top of 之前的词属于其之后的词的范围之内 admit doing sth be confined to over：more than pay......for......为......付钱 pay付钱 cost of......的花费 the cost of government政府开支 it is too expensive!（表示贵得不可接受） dear昂贵的（可以接受） have a trip go on a trip 2、because后面加原因 to后面加目的 avoid后面一定要加doing避免做某事 fare车费，乘坐的交通工具的费用 4、a、the wooden （adj）木头的 b、the wood木头 表示木头制的东西用wooden key structures 固定搭配,在一部分动词后面加to，at，for，with a to:accustom(ed),amount,appeal,apply(or for),accach(ed),attend,belong,challenge,compare(or with),condemn(ed),confess,confine,consent,convert,entitle(d),listen,metion,object,occur,prefer,react(or against),reply,respond,see,submit,surrender,turn,yield 与to连用：习惯于，达到，呼吁，适用于，附属于，参加，属于，向......提出挑战，比较 判刑， 承认， 限制， 同意， 改信(某宗教)，享有权利，听，提到，反对，想到，更喜欢，对......反应 回答， 响应，注意，服从于，向......投降，转向，屈服 b AT:amuse, arrive(or in), astonish(ed)(or by),exclaim, glance, guess, knock look, point(or to), shock(ed)(or by), stare, surprise(d)(or by), wonder(or about),work(or on) 与at连用：对...感到有趣，到达，感到惊愕，惊叫，对...看一眼，猜测，敲 看，指向，感到震惊，盯着...看，感到惊讶，感到惊异，钻研 c for:account, ask(or of), act(or on), apologize, blame, beg, call, charge, exchange, hope, look, mistake, mourn, pay, prepare, provide, search, thank, vote(or on), wait(or on) 与for连用：说明（原因）；请求；代表；因...而道歉；责备；乞求；需要；收费；交换；希望； 寻找；误认为；哀悼；为...付款；准备；提供；寻求；感谢；投票支持；等候 d with:agree, begin, communicate, compare(or to), compete(or against), comple, confuse, contrast(or to) cope, correspond, disgust(ed), finish, help(or in), interfere(or in), mix, occupy(ied), part, please(d), quarrel( or about),reason, satisfy(ied)( or by), threaten(ed). 与with连用：同意；以...开始；与...联络；与...比较；同...竞争；同意；误作；形成对照 对付；与...一致；使...讨厌；完成；帮组；干扰；混合；从事于；放弃；对......满意； 争论；规劝；感到满足；威胁 lesson 47 thirsty adj 贪杯的 ghost n 鬼魂 haunt v （鬼）来访，闹鬼 block v 堵 furniture n 家具 whisky n 威士忌 suggest v 暗示 shake v （shook，shaken）摇动 accept v 接受 thirsty 渴的 i am thirsty for the book。 be thirsty for 渴望得到 ghost强调魂 the ghost haunt闹鬼 the ghost haunted the house这个房子闹鬼 haunt（专指鬼魂） ＝ visit the pipe was blocked furniture不可数 a piece of furniture一件家具 a set of furniture一套家具 Scotoch一种上等的威士忌 wine果酒，如葡萄酒，石榴酒等 beer啤酒 brandy白兰地 suggest常用用法：1、＋that从句 2、＋doing accept：receive sth with pleasent text A thirsty ghost A public house which was recently bought by Mr Ian Thompson is up for sale. Mr Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted. He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furni- ture had been moved. Though Mr Thompson had turned the lights off be- fore he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, Mr Thompson shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept the inn even if he gives it away. a public house 酒吧 up for sale有待出售 on sale 打折卖 for sale拿出来卖的 up for有待于 this problem is up for discussion这个问题有待于讨论 hear sb doing 听见某人做某事 turn off 关闭 the light is on这个灯是亮的 the night before前一天晚上 last night昨天晚上 the next day 下一天 shake one's head摇头 nod one's head点头 even if即使 give away捐献，免费的送 multiple choice 7、in one's opinion就某人看来，以某人观点，某人认为 have to＝have get to should可以是情态动词，表应该 it's too late，i should go home太晚了，我要回家了 must＋v（原形）：1、必须做很可能做 lesson 48 pull v 拔 cotton wool 药棉 collect v 搜集 collection n 收藏品，收集品 nod v 点头 meanwhile adv 同时 pull（vt） 拔，拉，反义词push 推 pull one's leg开某人玩笑 you are pulling my leg你在开我玩笑 don't pull my leg any more不要再开我玩笑 you are kidding你在开玩笑 no kidding不要开玩笑 you are joking collect salary领工资 collect money筹集资金 collect stamp集邮 collect children收养孩子 meanwhile＝at the same time 用法和however一样，不能连接两个句子，但在意思上有承接作用 text Did you want to tell me something Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton-wool. He knew I collected birds' eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing. He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London. In answer to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt very worried, but could not say anything.When the dentist at last removed the cotton-wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the wrong tooth. be busy doing 忙于做某事 search out找出 判断是否是定语从句就看是否和前面的名词有关系 where＝介词＋which that is the house which i lived in that is the house where i lived this is the river where i swim where作定语从句的标志，修饰前面的hole in answer to作为对...的回答 in return for作为对...的报答 lesson 49 tired adj 厌烦的 real adj 真正的 owner n 主人 spring n 弹簧 mattress n 床垫 gust n 一阵风 sweep n 扫刮（swept/swept/,swept) courtyard n 院子 smash v 碰碎，摔碎 miraculously adv 奇迹般的 unhurt adj 没有受伤的 glance v 扫视 promptly adv 迅速地 be tired of sth/doing sth 讨厌做某事 true：真挚，真诚，符合标准 spring：春天，泉水 fountain人工喷泉 mat垫子 cushion座垫 breeze：微风 gale 大风，（突发的）一阵风 a gust of anger无名火 blow sweep sth away把...刮走 smash sth into pieces把...摔成碎片 crash：受挤压而变碎 egg is easy to crash break:打碎 cut into pieces切碎，剪碎 tear into pieces撕碎 crack：裂 backyard后院 court院子 yard院子 glance at glare at瞪着 stare at盯着 gaze at：盯着（无限神往，羡慕地看） promptly＝at once，immediately text The end of a dream Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again. be tired of：对......感到厌倦 如果一个名词和一个代词分别做主句和从句地主语，能把事物说清楚地名词 习惯放在主句做主语 用形容词短语直接做状语 tired of sleeping on the floor Worried about my daughter，Lucy, she went to London to visit Lucy i went home tired i went home excited for the first time in one's life平生第一次 for the first two nights头两天晚上 i study hard for the first two three days blow up风越刮越大 speak up大声点 below：直接放在被修饰词之后作定语 一个句子中不能出现两个动词： 如果出现了两个动词，用and，but连接；或者把其中一个作为非谓语动词】 although：though crash直接用主动形式，smash一般用作及物动词 glancing at＝be glancing 只有谓语动词才会把它变成集中时态 key structures 主语从句 what i say ... 宾语从句 i am sorry （that） i am late 定语从句 状语从句 原因状语because，as，since 条件状语if， 时间状语until，after，before，as 结果状语 目的状语to following his mom，he went there followed by his mom，he went there letter writing 写business letter，参照范本 multiple choice 3、_______the hot weather，... because， as， for＋句子：不能加词组 because the weather is hot... 5、How_____... how对形容词或者副词提问 how本题中，对程度副词提问 the tree is tall how tall is the tree he sang songs beautifully how beautifully did he sing 6、where...?______ down在......下（向下）；go down，sit down under prep. ＋宾语 7、..._______around him ...that lay around him定语从句 laying（lay） vt 放；lay the eff lying（lie）vi lie in bed laid（lay）vt lie，lied，lied撒谎 过去分词属于非谓语动词，做定语时与被修饰词形成被动关系 8。...very_____. a gust of wind 一阵风 hard修饰动词，表示程度大 9....it _______the courtyard crash vi 从上往下掉，摔碎 smash vt 敲击 knock v 敲击 explode v 爆炸 struck v 撞击 11....he______... glance at（漫不经心的）扫视 look quickly at快速地看 had a glimpse of（无意识的）看 stare at 盯着看 watch 注视，密切关注 lesson 50 ride n 旅行 excursion n 远足 conductor n 售票员 view n 景色 trip（出差性的）旅行 travel（周游世界性的）旅行 journey（陆地上的）旅行 flight（空中）旅行 voyage（海上）旅行 tour游玩 sightseeing观光游 ride v 骑（车，马） excursion n 游玩，郊游 weekend's excursion 周末游 Tomorrow we will have （a day's excursion 一日游） sight n 景色，视线，视野 in one's view＝in one's opinion就某人看来 view n 景色（主观性较强） sight（强调客观） Can I have a room with a good view？ text Taken for a ride I love travelling in the country, but I don't like losing my way. I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected. ' I'm going to Woodford Green,' I said to the conductor as I got on the bus,' but I don't know where it is.' ' I'll tell you where to get off,' answered the conductor. I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside. After some time, the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus. ' You'll have to get off here,' the condoctor said. 'This is as far as we go.' ' Is this Woodford Green ?' I asked. 'Oh dear,' said the conductor suddenly.' I forgot to put you off.' 'It doesn't matter,' I said. 'I'll get off here.' 'We are going back now,' said the conductor. 'Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus,' I answered. love doing/like doing强调一种习惯，喜欢做某事 i love my brother，but i don't like his girlfriend i love having dinner with you，but i don't like paying for dinner go on an excursion＝have an excursion take花费 take sb some time Eg.：My trip took me a long time it 形式主语 it takes sb some time to do sth it takes sb some time that... it took me a month to learn book 2 sb spend some time doing sth i spent a month learning English sb spend some time on sth 金钱上的花费cost，pay for sth than i expected【口语话】比我所预料的 the question is easier than i expected you are greater than i expected you are more beautiful than i expected you are better than i expected than i thought比我原以为的 the holiday took you longer than i expected the English class took me longer than i thought get on the bus上车 get off the bus下车 i will tell you where you can（should） get off i will tell you where to get off 语法结构：特殊疑问词＋to＋动词原形 可用来取代宾语从句 How can I get there？ can you tell me how i can get there can you tell me how to get there can you tell me what to do？ can you tell me how i should do i don't know which to choose i wonder when to have a meeting exercise 1、did you find out____the pie out of oven？ a to take b have taken c when to take d pile up answer ：c find out 发现 pie馅饼 oven火炉 take sth out of 取出来 did you find out when we could（can）take the pie out of oven in the front of | 
